chapter 6 is in it’s own file here
again, hopefully this works lol good luck
root, no more lfsThe commands in the remainder of this book must be performed while logged in as user root and no longer as user lfs. Also, double check that $LFS is set in root’s environment.
Set $LFS variable
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
Set MAKEFLAGS variable
export MAKEFLAGS='-j4'
Check your “LFS”, “ARCH”, “NPROC”, and “MAKEFLAGS” environment variables
echo "LFS=\"$LFS $(df $LFS|tail -1|awk '{print $1,int($2/1000000)"G"}')\" ARCH $(arch) NPROC=$(nproc) MAKEFLAGS=$MAKEFLAGS"
Restore /etc/bash.bashrc as it is no longer needed
[ ! -e /etc/bash.bashrc.NOUSE ] || mv -v /etc/bash.bashrc.NOUSE /etc/bash.bashrc
7.2 Changing Ownership
7.3 Preparing Virtual Kernel File Systems
7.4 Entering the Chroot Environment
rootecho "= (7.2) ======================================";
echo "Change \$LFS/* ownership from lfs to root"
chown -R root:root $LFS/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools}
case $(uname -m) in
x86_64) chown -R root:root $LFS/lib64 ;;
esac
echo "= (7.3) ======================================"
echo "Mount virtual filesystem"
mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys,run}
mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev
mount -v --bind /dev/pts $LFS/dev/pts
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run
if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then
mkdir -pv $LFS/$(readlink $LFS/dev/shm)
else
mount -t tmpfs -o nosuid,nodev tmpfs $LFS/dev/shm
fi
echo "= (7.4) ======================================";
echo "Enter the matrix (chroot)"
chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root \
TERM="$TERM" \
PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
/bin/bash --login
If you see this (first time chroot) => success!
(lfs chroot) I have no name!:/#
mkdir -pv /{boot,home,mnt,opt,srv}
mkdir -pv /etc/{opt,sysconfig}
mkdir -pv /lib/firmware
mkdir -pv /media/{floppy,cdrom}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{include,src}
mkdir -pv /usr/local/{bin,lib,sbin}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}
mkdir -pv /var/{cache,local,log,mail,opt,spool}
mkdir -pv /var/lib/{color,misc,locate}
ln -sfv /run /var/run
ln -sfv /run/lock /var/lock
install -dv -m 0750 /root
install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp
Make sure /usr/lib64 directory does not exist
to comply with Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)\
rm -rf /usr/lib64/
ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab
cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)
::1 localhost
EOF
cat > /etc/passwd << "EOF"
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
EOF
cat > /etc/group << "EOF"
root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
usb:x:14:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
uuidd:x:80:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:
EOF
echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd
echo "tester:x:101:" >> /etc/group
install -o tester -d /home/tester
exec /usr/bin/bash --login
touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp
Script here as a text file
Just copy and paste the script.
Then skip to Section 7.13
Approximate time required: 2.74 SBU
cd /sources/
time {
tar xf gettext-*.tar.xz
cd gettext-*/
./configure --disable-shared
make
cp -v gettext-tools/src/{msgfmt,msgmerge,xgettext} /usr/bin
}
cd /sources/
rm -rf gettext-*/
Approximate time required: 0.49 SBU
cd /sources/
time {
tar xf bison-*.tar.xz
cd bison-*/
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/bison-3.8.2
make
make install
}
cd /sources/
rm -rf bison-*/
Approximate time required: 1.66 SBU
cd /sources/
time {
tar xf perl-*.tar.xz
cd perl-*/
sh Configure -des \
-Dprefix=/usr \
-Dvendorprefix=/usr \
-Duseshrplib \
-Dprivlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/core_perl \
-Darchlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/core_perl \
-Dsitelib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/site_perl \
-Dsitearch=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/site_perl \
-Dvendorlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/vendor_perl \
-Dvendorarch=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/vendor_perl
make
make install
}
cd /sources/
rm -rf perl-*/
Some Python 3 modules can’t be built now because the dependencies are not installed yet. The compilation of some files will fail and the compiler message may seem to indicate “fatal error”. The message should be ignored. Just make sure the toplevel make command has not failed.
Approximate time required: 1.41 SBU
cd /sources/
time {
tar xf Python-*.tar.xz
cd Python-*/
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--enable-shared \
--without-ensurepip
make
make install
}
cd /sources/
rm -rf Python-*/
Approximate time required: 0.51 SBU
cd /sources/
time {
tar xf texinfo-*.tar.xz
cd texinfo-*/
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
}
cd /sources/
rm -rf texinfo-*/
Approximate time required: 0.7 SBU
cd /sources/
time {
tar xf util-linux-*.tar.xz
cd util-linux-*/
mkdir -pv /var/lib/hwclock
./configure ADJTIME_PATH=/var/lib/hwclock/adjtime \
--libdir=/usr/lib \
--runstatedir=/run \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/util-linux-2.39.1 \
--disable-chfn-chsh \
--disable-login \
--disable-nologin \
--disable-su \
--disable-setpriv \
--disable-runuser \
--disable-pylibmount \
--disable-static \
--without-python
make
make install
}
cd /sources/
rm -rf util-linux-*/
Make sure you are in
(lfs chroot) root:/# |
Create version-check.sh (from LFS book section 2.2)
cd /
cat > version-check.sh << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
# A script to list version numbers of critical development tools
# If you have tools installed in other directories, adjust PATH here AND
# in ~lfs/.bashrc (section 4.4) as well.
LC_ALL=C
PATH=/usr/bin:/bin
bail() { echo "FATAL: $1"; exit 1; }
grep --version > /dev/null 2> /dev/null || bail "grep does not work"
sed '' /dev/null || bail "sed does not work"
sort /dev/null || bail "sort does not work"
ver_check()
{
if ! type -p $2 &>/dev/null
then
echo "ERROR: Cannot find $2 ($1)"; return 1;
fi
v=$($2 --version 2>&1 | grep -E -o '[0-9]+\.[0-9\.]+[a-z]*' | head -n1)
if printf '%s\n' $3 $v | sort --version-sort --check &>/dev/null
then
printf "OK: %-9s %-6s >= $3\n" "$1" "$v"; return 0;
else
printf "ERROR: %-9s is TOO OLD ($3 or later required)\n" "$1";
return 1;
fi
}
ver_kernel()
{
kver=$(uname -r | grep -E -o '^[0-9\.]+')
if printf '%s\n' $1 $kver | sort --version-sort --check &>/dev/null
then
printf "OK: Linux Kernel $kver >= $1\n"; return 0;
else
printf "ERROR: Linux Kernel ($kver) is TOO OLD ($1 or later required)\n" "$kver";
return 1;
fi
}
# Coreutils first because-sort needs Coreutils >= 7.0
ver_check Coreutils sort 7.0 || bail "--version-sort unsupported"
ver_check Bash bash 3.2
ver_check Binutils ld 2.13.1
ver_check Bison bison 2.7
ver_check Diffutils diff 2.8.1
ver_check Findutils find 4.2.31
ver_check Gawk gawk 4.0.1
ver_check GCC gcc 5.1
ver_check "GCC (C++)" g++ 5.1
ver_check Grep grep 2.5.1a
ver_check Gzip gzip 1.3.12
ver_check M4 m4 1.4.10
ver_check Make make 4.0
ver_check Patch patch 2.5.4
ver_check Perl perl 5.8.8
ver_check Python python3 3.4
ver_check Sed sed 4.1.5
ver_check Tar tar 1.22
ver_check Texinfo texi2any 5.0
ver_check Xz xz 5.0.0
ver_kernel 4.14
if mount | grep -q 'devpts on /dev/pts' && [ -e /dev/ptmx ]
then echo "OK: Linux Kernel supports UNIX 98 PTY";
else echo "ERROR: Linux Kernel does NOT support UNIX 98 PTY"; fi
alias_check() {
if $1 --version 2>&1 | grep -qi $2
then printf "OK: %-4s is $2\n" "$1";
else printf "ERROR: %-4s is NOT $2\n" "$1"; fi
}
echo "Aliases:"
alias_check awk GNU
alias_check yacc Bison
alias_check sh Bash
echo "Compiler check:"
if printf "int main(){}" | g++ -x c++ -
then echo "OK: g++ works";
else echo "ERROR: g++ does NOT work"; fi
rm -f a.out
EOF
Run version-check.sh to see version requirements (Make sure all is OK)
bash version-check.sh
Do some cleaning to save ~1.1GB
# remove documentation (35MB)
rm -rf /usr/share/{info,man,doc}/*
find /usr/{lib,libexec} -name \*.la -delete
# remove cross toolchain (>1GB)
rm -rf /tools
(OPTIONAL BUT RECOMMENDED)
NEVERMIND IT IS REQUIRED FOR ASSIGNMENT PLEASE BACKUP
“Real Computer Science Students Do BACKUP! Prove that you are a genuine (ORI) Computer Science student and not just an observer of Java language studies or a no-level Python zoologist.” -RMS 12 october 2023
Leave the chroot environment
NOTE: you may need to exit multiple times to get to actual root
exit
rootUnmount the virtual file system
mountpoint -q $LFS/dev/shm && umount $LFS/dev/shm
umount $LFS/dev/pts
umount $LFS/{sys,proc,run,dev}
Create the backup
Approximate time required: 14.3 SBU (4.65 SBU if multi-thread)
Use single-thread compression
cd $LFS
time tar -cJpvf $HOME/lfs-temp-tools-12.0.tar.xz .
Use multi-thread compression
cd $LFS
time tar -I 'xz -9 -T0' -cpvf $HOME/lfs-temp-tools-12.0.tar.xz .
rootmv -v $HOME/lfs-temp-tools-12.0.tar.xz /var/tmp/
du -s -h /var/tmp/lfs-temp-tools-12.0.tar.xz
Check lfs-temp-tools-12.0.tar.xz is larger than 800MB => OK
Don’t delete the lfs-temp-tools-12.0.tar.xz file until the end of the term. If prompted, you should be able to show that file.
usercd $HOME/mywork/WEEK09/
bash 09-WEEK09.sh
cd $HOME/RESULT/W09/
ls -al
rootCheck $LFS variable (make sure OK)
echo "===== ======="
echo "Check $LFS..."
if [ -z $LFS ] ; then
echo ERROR: There is no LFS variable === ERROR ===
elif [ -d $LFS/ ] ; then
echo === === === === === === === LFS is $LFS/ === OK ===
else
echo ERROR: There is no LFS directory === ERROR ===
fi
The following commands are extremely dangerous. If you run
rm -rf ./*as the root user and you do not change to the $LFS directory or the LFS environment variable is not set for the root user, it will destroy your entire host system. YOU ARE WARNED.
Delete current files and restore backup
cd $LFS
rm -rf ./*
tar -xpf $HOME/lfs-temp-tools-12.0.tar.xz
Do this before continuing to chapter 8
rootCheck mounted or not
findmnt | grep $LFS
Output if LFS IS MOUNTED:
├─/mnt/lfs /dev/sdb2 ext4 rw,relatime
│ ├─/mnt/lfs/dev udev devtmpfs rw,nosuid,relatime,size=1981744k,nr_inodes=495436,mode=755,inode64
│ │ ├─/mnt/lfs/dev/pts devpts devpts rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000
│ │ └─/mnt/lfs/dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,inode64
│ ├─/mnt/lfs/proc proc proc rw,relatime
│ ├─/mnt/lfs/sys sysfs sysfs rw,relatime
│ └─/mnt/lfs/run tmpfs tmpfs rw,relatime,inode64
Output if LFS IS NOT MOUNTED:
├─/mnt/lfs /dev/sdb2 ext4 rw,relatime
Mount virtual filesystem if not mounteed
mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys,run}
mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev
mount -v --bind /dev/pts $LFS/dev/pts
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run
if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then
mkdir -pv $LFS/$(readlink $LFS/dev/shm)
else
mount -t tmpfs -o nosuid,nodev tmpfs $LFS/dev/shm
fi
Enter chroot environment
chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root \
TERM="$TERM" \
PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
/bin/bash --login